আদর্শ তড়িৎদ্বার বিভব (উপাত্ত পৃষ্ঠা)-এর উৎস দেখুন


'''আদর্শ তড়িৎদ্বার বিভব''' (ইং. ''Standard Electrode Potential'') হলো একটি ধারণা যা [[তড়িৎ-রসায়ন|তড়িৎ-রসায়নে]] প্রযোজ্য। এটি একটি নির্দিষ্ট তড়িৎদ্বার [[বিভব|বিভবকে]] নির্দেশ করে যখন তা আদর্শ অবস্থায় থাকে, অর্থাৎ ২৫ ডিগ্রি সেলসিয়াস তাপমাত্রা এবং ১ অ্যাটমোস্ফিয়ার চাপের অধীনে। এই বিষয়টি নিচে আরো বিস্তারিতভাবে বর্ণনা করা হয়েছে। 

আদর্শ তড়িৎদ্বার বিভব একটি নির্দিষ্ট বিজারণ প্রক্রিয়ার জন্য নির্ধারিত হয় এবং একে ভোল্টের একক (V) দ্বারা পরিমাপ করা হয়। এই বিভব বিভিন্ন তড়িৎদ্বারের মধ্যে তুলনা করার জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয়, যা আমাদেরকে বিভিন্ন রাসায়নিক প্রতিক্রিয়ার সম্ভাব্যতা এবং তাদের গতি সম্পর্কে ধারণা দেয়। আদর্শ তড়িৎদ্বার বিভব বোঝার মাধ্যমে আমরা বিভিন্ন রাসায়নিক প্রক্রিয়া, যেমন [[তড়িৎকোষ]], ইলেকট্রোলাইসিস এবং অন্যান্য ইলেকট্রোকেমিক্যাল সিস্টেমের কার্যকারিতা বিশ্লেষণ করতে পারি।

নিচের তথ্য আদর্শ হাইড্রোজেন তড়িৎদ্বার (SHE) এর সাপেক্ষে [[ভোল্ট]] এককে আদর্শ তড়িৎদ্বার বিভব (''E''°) সারণিবদ্ধ করে:

* [[তাপমাত্রা]] {{Cvt|298.15|K}} ;
* কার্যকর ঘনত্ব (কার্যকলাপ) ১&nbsp;প্রতিটি জলীয় বা একত্রিত (পারদ-মিশ্রিত) প্রজাতির জন্য মোল/লিটার;
* প্রতিটি দ্রাবক এবং বিশুদ্ধ কঠিন বা তরল প্রজাতির জন্য একক কার্যকলাপ ; এবং
* পরম আংশিক চাপ {{Cvt|101.325|kPa|atm bar}} প্রতিটি গ্যাসীয় বিকারকের জন্য&nbsp;&#x2014; বেশিরভাগ সাহিত্যের তথ্যের ক্ষেত্রে প্রচলিত কিন্তু বর্তমান মানদণ্ডের অবস্থা নয় (১০০)&nbsp;কেপিএ)।

এই আদর্শ অবস্থার তারতম্য নার্নস্ট সমীকরণের মাধ্যমে পরিমাপ করা ভোল্টেজকে প্রভাবিত করে।

ধারাবাহিক প্রাথমিক অর্ধ-বিক্রিয়ার তড়িৎদ্বার বিভব সরাসরি যোগ করা যাবে না। তবে, সংশ্লিষ্ট [[গিবস মুক্ত শক্তি|গিবস মুক্ত শক্তির]] পরিবর্তন (∆''G''°) অবশ্যই এই সমীকরণ সমর্থন করবে:

: {{Nowrap|∆''G''° {{=}} –{{mvar|z}}''FE''°}},

এখানে {{Mvar|z}} টি ইলেকট্রন স্থানান্তর হয় এবং ফ্যারাডে ধ্রুবক {{Mvar|F}} হল রূপান্তর গুণক যা প্রতি মোল ইলেকট্রনে স্থানান্তরিত [[কুলম্ব|কুলম্বকে]] বর্ণনা করে। সেই গিবস মুক্ত শক্তির পরিবর্তনগুলো যোগ করা যেতে পারে।

উদাহরণস্বরূপ, {{Nowrap|Fe{{2+}} + 2{{e-}} {{eqm}} Fe(''s'') (–0.44 V)}} থেকে একটি Fe(''s'') এর একটি নিরপেক্ষ পরমাণু তৈরির জন্য Fe{{2+}} আয়ন ও দুটি ইলেকট্রন যাদের শক্তি {{Nowrap|2 × 0.44 eV {{=}} 0.88 eV,}} অথবা 84,907J/(mol e<sup>-</sup>) । সেই মানটি একটি Fe{{2+}} আয়নের জন্য আদর্শ গঠন শক্তি (∆''G''<sub>f</sub>°), যেহেতু  e<sup>-</sup>  এবং Fe(''s'') উভয়েরই গঠন শক্তি শূন্য।

বিভিন্ন উৎস থেকে প্রাপ্ত তথ্যের কারণে সারণিতে অসঙ্গতি দেখা দিতে পারে। উদাহরণস্বরূপ: <math chem="" display="block">\begin{alignat}{4}
&\ce{Cu+ + e-} &{}\rightleftharpoons{}&\ce{Cu(s)}&\quad\quad E_1=+0.520\text{ V} \\
&\ce{Cu^2+ + 2e-}&{}\rightleftharpoons{}&\ce{Cu(s)} &\quad\quad E_2=+0.337\text{ V} \\
&\ce{Cu^2+ + e-}&{}\rightleftharpoons{}&\ce{Cu+} &\quad\quad E_3=+0.159\text{ V}
\end{alignat}</math> গিবস শক্তির সংযোজন থেকে, কোন একটার অবশ্যই এই অবস্থা পূরণ করতে হবে:<math display="block">2\cdot E_2=1\cdot E_1+1\cdot E_3</math> কিন্তু এই সমীকরণটি উদ্ধৃত মানগুলির সাথে সম্পূর্ণভাবে মিলে খায় না।

== আদর্শ তড়িৎদ্বার বিভব সারণি ==
'''লেজেন্ড/নির্দেশনা:''' (''s'') &#x2013; কঠিন; (''l'') &#x2013; তরল; (''g'') &#x2013; গ্যাস; (''aq'') &#x2013; জলীয় (সকল চার্জিত ধরনের জন্য সহজাত); (''Hg'') &#x2013; অ্যামালগাম; গাঢ় &#x2013; জল তড়িৎ বিশ্লেষণ সমীকরণ।

{|class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! rowspan="2" | মৌল
!colspan="3" class="unsortable"| [[অর্ধ-বিক্রিয়া]]
! rowspan="2" | ''E°''<br />(ভোল্ট)
! rowspan="2" |ইলেকট্রন স্থানান্তর সংখ্যা
! class="unsortable noprint" rowspan="2"|তথ্যসূত্র
|-
! জারক
! class="unsortable" | ⇌
! বিজারক
|-
| Sr
| {{chem|[[Strontium|Sr]]|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Sr(''s'')
| -4.101
|1
|class="noprint"|<!-- Estimated? --><ref name="CRC">{{RubberBible87th}}</ref>
|-
| Ca
| {{chem|[[Calcium|Ca]]|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Ca(''s'')
| -3.8
|1
|class="noprint"|<!-- Estimated? --><ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Th
| {{chem|link=Thorium|Th|4+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Th|3+}}
| -3.6
|1
|class="noprint"|<!-- Estimated?  OTOH, Greenwood & Earnshaw doesn't appear to cite any sources for this data.  OTOH, this spot in the table is blank in the first edition.   --><ref
name=Greenwood1263>Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 1263</ref>
|-
| Pr
| {{chem|link=Praseodymium|Pr|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Pr|2+}}
| -3.1
|1
|class="noprint"|ধারণাকৃত<ref name="VanSrc" />
|-
| N
| 3{{chem|link=Nitrogen|N|2}}(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|link=Hydrogen azide|HN|3}}(''aq'')
| -3.09
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Gre/><ref name=van92/>
|-
| Li
| {{chem|link=Lithium|Li|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Li(''s'')
| -3.0401
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/><ref name=AS5 />{{rp|153}}
|-
| N
| {{chem|link=Nitrogen gas|N|2}}(''g'') + 4{{H2O-nl}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|link=Hydroxylamine|NH|2|OH}}(''aq'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -3.04
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Gre/>
|-
| Cs
| {{chem|link=Caesium|Cs|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Cs(''s'')
| -3.026
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Ca
| {{chem|link=Calcium hydroxide|Ca(OH)|2}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Calcium|Ca]](''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -3.02
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Er
| {{chem|link=Erbium|Er|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Er|2+}}
| -3
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Ba
| {{chem|link=Barium hydroxide|Ba(OH)|2}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Barium|Ba]](''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.99
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Rb
| {{chem|link=Rubidium|Rb|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Rb(''s'')
| -2.98
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| K
| {{chem|link=Potassium|K|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| K(''s'')
| -2.931
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Ba
| {{chem|link=Barium|Ba|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ba(''s'')
| -2.912
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| La
| [[Lanthanum hydroxide|{{chem|La(OH)|3}}]](''s'') + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| La(''s'') + 3{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.9
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Fr
| {{chem|link=Francium|Fr|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Fr(''s'')
| -2.9
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Sr
| {{chem|link=Strontium|Sr|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Sr(''s'')
| -2.899
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Sr
| {{Chem|link=Strontium hydroxide|Sr(OH)|2}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Sr(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.88
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Ca
| {{Chem|link=Calcium|Ca|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ca(''s'')
| -2.868
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/><ref name=AS5 />{{rp|153}}
|-
| Li
| {{Chem|Li|+}} + {{Chem|C|6}}(''s'') + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{Chem|link=Lithium-ion_battery#Electrochemistry|LiC|6}}(''s'')
| -2.84
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Eu
| {{Chem|link=Europium|Eu|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Eu(''s'')
| -2.812
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Ra
| {{Chem|link=Radium|Ra|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ra(''s'')
| -2.8
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Ho
| {{chem|link=Holmium|Ho|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Ho{{2+}}
| -2.8
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Bk
| {{chem|link=Berkelium|Bk|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{Chem|Bk|2+}}
| -2.8
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Yb
| {{Chem|link=Ytterbium|Yb|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Yb(''s'')
| -2.76
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Na
| {{Chem|link=Sodium|Na|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Na(''s'')
| -2.71
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/><ref name=Atk/>
|-
| Mg
| {{Chem|link=Magnesium|Mg|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Mg(''s'')
| -2.7
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Nd
| {{chem|link=Neodymium|Nd|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{Chem|Nd|2+}}
| -2.7
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Mg
| {{chem|[[Magnesium|Mg]](OH)|2}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Mg(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.69
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Sm
| {{Chem|link=Samarium|Sm|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Sm(''s'')
| -2.68
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Be
| {{chem|[[Beryllium|Be]]|2|O|3|2−}} + 3{{H2O-nl}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2Be(''s'') + 6{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.63
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Pm
| {{chem|link=Promethium|Pm|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{Chem|Pm|2+}}
| -2.6
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Dy
| {{chem|link=Dysprosium|Dy|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{Chem|Dy|2+}}
| -2.6
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| No
| {{Chem|link=Nobelium|No|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| No
| -2.5
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Hf
| {{chem|[[Hafnium|Hf]]O(OH)|2}} + {{H2O-nl}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Hf(''s'') + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.5
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Th
| {{chem|[[Thorium|Th]](OH)|4}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Th(''s'') + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.48
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Md
| {{chem|[[Mendelevium|Md]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Md
| -2.4
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Tm
| {{chem|[[Thulium|Tm]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Tm(''s'')
| -2.4
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| La
| {{chem|link=Lanthanum|La|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| La(''s'')
| -2.379
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Y
| {{chem|link=Yttrium|Y|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Y(''s'')
| -2.372
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Mg
| {{chem|[[Magnesium|Mg]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Mg(''s'')
| -2.372
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Sc || {{chem2|ScF3}}(''aq'') + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}} || ⇌ || Sc(''s'') + 3HF(''aq'') || -2.37 || 3 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}
|-
| Zr
| {{Chem|link=Zirconia|Zr|O(OH)|2}}(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Zr(''s'') + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.36
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van92/>
|-
| Pr
| {{chem|link=Praseodymium|Pr|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pr(''s'')
| -2.353
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Ce
| {{chem|link=Cerium|Ce|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ce(''s'')
| -2.336
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Er
| {{chem|link=Erbium|Er|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Er(''s'')
| -2.331
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Ho
| {{chem|link=Holmium|Ho|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ho(''s'')
| -2.33
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Al
| {{chem|H|2|[[Aluminium|Al]]O|3|−}} + {{H2O-nl}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Al(''s'') + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.33
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Nd
| {{chem|link=Neodymium|Nd|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Nd(''s'')
| -2.323
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Tm
| {{chem|link=Thulium|Tm|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Tm(''s'')
| -2.319
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Al
| {{chem|Al(OH)|3}}(''s'') + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Al(''s'') + 3{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -2.31
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Sm
| {{chem|link=Samarium|Sm|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Sm(''s'')
| -2.304
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Fm
| [[Fermium|Fm]]{{2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Fm
| -2.3
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Am
| {{chem|link=Americium|Am|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{Chem|Am|2+}}
| -2.3
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Dy
| {{chem|link=Dysprosium|Dy|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Dy(''s'')
| -2.295
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Lu
| {{chem|link=Lutetium|Lu|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Lu(''s'')
| -2.28
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Sc || ScF{{su|b=2|p=+}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}} || ⇌ || Sc(''s'') + 2HF(''l'') || -2.28 || 3 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}
|-
| Tb
| {{chem|link=Terbium|Tb|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Tb(''s'')
| -2.28
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Gd
| {{chem|link=Gadolinium|Gd|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Gd(''s'')
| -2.279
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| H
| {{Chem|link=Hydrogen|H|2}}(''g'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|H|−}}
| -2.23
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Es
| {{Chem|[[Einsteinium|Es]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Es(''s'')
| -2.23
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Pm
| {{Chem|[[Promethium|Pm]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pm(''s'')
| -2.2
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Tm
| {{chem|link=Thulium|Tm|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Tm{{2+}}
| -2.2
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Dy
| {{Chem|[[Dysprosium|Dy]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Dy(''s'')
| -2.2
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Ac
| {{chem|link=Actinium|Ac|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ac(''s'')
| -2.2
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Yb
| {{chem|link=Ytterbium|Yb|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Yb(''s'')
| -2.19
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Cf
| {{Chem|[[Californium|Cf]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Cf(''s'')
| -2.12
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Nd
| {{Chem|[[Neodymium|Nd]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Nd(''s'')
| -2.1
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Ho
| {{Chem|[[Holmium|Ho]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ho(''s'')
| -2.1
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Sc
| {{chem|link=Scandium|Sc|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Sc(''s'')
| -2.077
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref>David R. Lide, ed., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Internet Version 2005, http://www.hbcpnetbase.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724011402/http://www.hbcpnetbase.com/ |date=2017-07-24 }}, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2005.</ref>
|-
| Al
| {{chem|link=hexafluoroaluminate|AlF|6|3−}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Aluminium|Al]](''s'') + 6{{chem|F|−}}
| -2.069
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Cm
| {{chem|link=Curium|Cm|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Cm(''s'')
| -2.04
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Pu
| {{chem|link=Plutonium|Pu|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pu(''s'')
| -2.031
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Pr
| {{Chem|[[Praseodymium|Pr]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pr(''s'')
| -2
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Er
| {{Chem|[[Erbium|Er]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Er(''s'')
| -2
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Eu
| {{chem|link=Europium|Eu|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Eu(''s'')
| -1.991
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Lr
| {{chem|link=Lawrencium|Lr|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Lr
| -1.96
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Cf
| {{chem|link=Californium|Cf|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Cf(''s'')
| -1.94
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Es
| {{chem|link=Einsteinium|Es|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Es(''s'')
| -1.91
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Pa
| {{chem|[[Protactinium|Pa]]|4+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Pa|3+}}
| -1.9
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Am
| {{chem|[[Americium|Am]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Am(''s'')
| -1.9
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Th
| {{chem|[[Thorium|Th]]|4+}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Th(''s'')
| -1.899
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Fm
| {{chem|link=Fermium|Fm|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Fm
| -1.89
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| N || {{chem2|N2}}(''g'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2{{chem2|NH3OH+}} || -1.87 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Np
| {{chem|link=Neptunium|Np|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Np(''s'')
| -1.856
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Be
| {{chem|[[Beryllium|Be]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Be(''s'')
| -1.847
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| P
| {{chem|H|2|PO|2|-}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| P(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -1.82
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| U
| {{chem|link=Uranium|U|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| U(''s'')
| -1.798
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Sr
| {{chem|[[Strontium|Sr]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Sr([[Amalgam (chemistry)|''Hg'']])
| -1.793
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| B
| {{chem|H|2|BO|3|−}} + {{H2O-nl}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| B(''s'') + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -1.79
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Th
| {{chem|link=Thorium dioxide|ThO|2}} + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Th(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| -1.789
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Hf
| {{chem|[[Hafnium|Hf]]O|2+}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Hf(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -1.724
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| P
| {{chem|HPO|3|2−}} + 2{{H2O-nl}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| P(''s'') + 5{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -1.71
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Si
| [[Silicate|{{chem|SiO|3|2−}}]] + 3{{H2O-nl}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Si(''s'') + 6{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -1.697
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Al
| {{chem|link=Aluminium|Al|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Al(''s'')
| -1.662
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Ti
| {{chem|[[Titanium|Ti]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ti(''s'')
| -1.63
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| Zr
| {{chem|[[Zirconium dioxide|ZrO]]|2}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Zr(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| -1.553
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Zr
| {{chem|[[Zirconium|Zr]]|4+}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Zr(''s'')
| -1.45
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Ti
| {{chem|Ti|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ti(''s'')
| -1.37
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=si/>
|-
| Ti
| [[Titanium(II) oxide|TiO]](''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ti(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -1.31
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}
|-
| B || B(OH){{su|b=4|p=&minus;}} + 4{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') + 8{{e-}} || ⇌ || BH{{su|b=4|p=&minus;}} + 8{{OH-|nolink=y}} || -1.24 || 8 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|788}}
|-
| Ga || GaO(OH){{su|b=2|p=&minus;}} + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') + 3{{e-}} || ⇌ || Ga(''s'') + 3{{OH-|nolink=y}} || -1.22 || 3 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|788}}
|-
| Ti
| {{chem|link=Titanium(III) oxide|Ti|2|O|3}}(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2TiO(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -1.23
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}
|-
| Zn
| {{chem|Zn(OH)|4|2−}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Zn(''s'') + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -1.199
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Mn
| {{chem|[[Manganese|Mn]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Mn(''s'')
| -1.185
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Fe
| {{chem|[[Iron|Fe]](CN)|6|4−}} + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Fe(''s'') + 6HCN(''aq'')
| -1.16
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=webelements_fe>{{#invoke:cite web||title=compounds information |work=Iron |publisher=WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements |url=http://www.webelements.com/iron/compounds.html}}</ref>
|-
| C || C(''s'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|CH3OH}}(''l'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}} || -1.148 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|-
| Cr || Cr(CN){{su|b=6|p=3&minus;}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || Cr(CN){{su|b=6|p=4&minus;}} || -1.143 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|793}}
|-
| Te
| [[Tellurium|Te]](''s'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Te|2−}}
| -1.143
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| V
| {{chem|[[Vanadium|V]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| V(''s'')
| -1.13
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Nb
| {{chem|link=Niobium|Nb|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Nb(''s'')
| -1.099
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Sn
| [[Tin|Sn]](''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|SnH|4}}(''g'')
| -1.07
|4
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Po
| [[Polonium|Po]](''s'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Po|2−}}
| -1.021
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref>{{#invoke:cite book|| last1=Brown | first1=Susan A. | last2=Brown | first2=Paul L. | title=The Aqueous Chemistry of Polonium and the Practical Application of its Thermochemistry | chapter=The pH-potential diagram for polonium | publisher=Elsevier | date=2020 | isbn=978-0-12-819308-2 | doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-819308-2.00004-8| s2cid=213141476 }}</ref>
|-
| Cr || [Cr(edta)(H<sub>2</sub>O)]<sup>&minus;</sup> + {{e-}} || ⇌ || [Cr(edta)(H<sub>2</sub>O)]<sup>2&minus;</sup> || -0.99 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|793}}
|-
| P || 2{{chem2|H3PO4}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|(H2PO3)2}}(''aq'') + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || -0.933 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|789}}
|-
| C || CO{{su|b=3|p=2&minus;}} + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || HCO{{su|b=2|p=&minus;}} + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || -0.93 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|788}}
|-
| Ti
| {{chem|TiO|2+}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ti(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -0.93
|4
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Si
| {{chem|link=Silicon dioxide|SiO|2}}(''[[quartz]]'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Si(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| -0.909
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|788}}
|-
| Cr || {{chem|Cr|2+}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || Cr(''s'') || -0.9 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|793}}
|-
| B
| {{chem|link=Boric acid|B(OH)|3}}(''aq'') + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| B(''s'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| -0.89
|3
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|-
| Fe
| {{chem|Fe(OH)|2}}(''s'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Fe(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -0.89
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=webelements_fe/>
|-
| Fe
| {{chem|Fe|2|O|3}}(''s'') + 3{{H2O-nl}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|Fe(OH)|2}}(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -0.86
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=webelements_fe/>
|-
| H
| '''2{{H2O-nl}} + 2{{e-}}'''
|⇌
| '''{{chem|H|2}}(''g'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}'''
| -0.8277
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Bi
| [[Bismuth|Bi]](''s'') + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Bismuthine|BiH|3}}
| -0.8
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Zn
| {{chem|[[Zinc|Zn]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Zn(''Hg'')
| -0.7628
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Zn
| {{chem|[[Zinc|Zn]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Zn(''s'')
| -0.7618
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Ta
|{{chem|link=Tantalum pentoxide|Ta|2|O|5}}(''s'') + 10{{H+|nolink=y}} + 10{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2[[Tantalum|Ta]](''s'') + 5{{H2O-nl}}
| -0.75
|10
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Te || 2Te(''s'') + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || Te{{su|b=2|p=2&minus;}} || -0.74 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|790}}
|-
|Ni
| {{Chem|link=Nickel(II) hydroxide|Ni(OH)|2}}(''s'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ni(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -0.72
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Nb || {{chem2|Nb2O5}}(''s'') + 10{{H+|nolink=y}} + 10{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2Nb(''s'') + 5{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || -0.7 || 10 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|793}}
|-
| Ag
| {{chem|link=silver sulfide|Ag|2|S}}(''s'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2Ag(''s'') + {{chem|[[Sulphur|S]]|2−}}(''aq'')
| -0.69
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Te || Te{{su|b=2|p=2&minus;}} + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2{{chem2|H2Te}}(''g'') || -0.64 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|790}}
|-
| Sb || Sb(OH){{su|b=4|p=&minus;}} + 3{{e-}} || ⇌ || Sb(''s'') + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}} || -0.639 || 3 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Au
| {{chem|[Au(CN)|2|]|−}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Gold|Au]](''s'') + 2{{chem|CN|−}}
| -0.6
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Ta
| {{chem|Ta|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ta(''s'')
| -0.6
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Pb
| [[Lead(II) oxide|PbO]](''s'') + {{H2O-nl}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pb(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -0.580
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Ti
| 2{{chem|TiO|2}}(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ti|2|O|3}}(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -0.56
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}
|-
| Ga
| {{chem|link=Gallium|Ga|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ga(''s'')
| -0.549
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| U
| {{chem|U|4+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|U|3+}}
| -0.52
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| P
| {{chem|link=Hypophosphorous acid|H|3|PO|2}}(''aq'') + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| P(সাদা)<ref name=rwP group=note /> + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| -0.508
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| P
| {{chem|H|3|PO|3}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|H|3|PO|2}}(''aq'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -0.499
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
|Ni
| {{Chem|NiO|2}}(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}} + 2{{E-}}
|⇌
| {{Chem|link=Nickel(II) hydroxide|Ni(OH)|2}}(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -0.49
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Sb || Sb(OH){{su|b=6|p=&minus;}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || Sb(OH){{su|b=4|p=&minus;}} + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}} || -0.465 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| P
| [[Phosphorous acid|{{chem|H|3|PO|3}}]](''aq'') + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| P(লাল)<ref name=rwP group=note /> + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| -0.454
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Bi || {{chem2|Bi2O3}}(''s'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') + 6{{e-}} || ⇌ || Bi(''s'') + 6{{OH-|nolink=y}} || -0.452 || 6 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Ta || TaF{{su|b=7|p=2&minus;}} + 7{{H+|nolink=y}} + 5{{e-}} || ⇌ || Ta(''s'') + 7HF(''l'') || -0.45 || 5 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|793}}
|-
| In || {{chem|In|3+}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|In+}} || -0.444 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|-
|Cu
| {{Chem|Cu(CN)|2|-}} + {{E-}}
|⇌
| Cu(''s'') + 2{{Chem|CN|-}}
| -0.44
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="Bar" />
|-
| Fe
| {{chem|[[Iron|Fe]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Fe(''s'')
| -0.44
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| C
| 2{{chem|link=carbon dioxide|CO|2}}(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Oxalic acid|HOOCCOOH]](''aq'')
| -0.43
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Cr
| {{chem|Cr|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Cr|2+}}
| -0.407
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Cd
| {{chem|[[Cadmium|Cd]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Cd(''s'')
| -0.4
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| Ti || {{chem|Ti|3+}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem|Ti|2+}} || -0.37 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}
|-
| Cu
| {{chem|link=Copper(I) oxide|Cu|2|O}}(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2Cu(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| -0.36
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Pb
| {{chem|link=Lead(II) sulfate|PbSO|4}}(''s'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Lead|Pb]](''s'') + {{chem|SO|4|2−}}
| -0.3588
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Pb
| {{chem|PbSO|4}}(''s'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pb(''Hg'') + {{chem|SO|4|2−}}
| -0.3505
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Eu
| {{chem|[[Europium|Eu]]|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Eu|2+}}
| -0.35
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| In
| {{chem|link=Indium|In|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| In(''s'')
| -0.34
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Tl
| {{chem|[[Thallium|Tl]]|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Tl(''s'')
| -0.34
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Ge
| [[Germanium|Ge]](''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|GeH|4}}(''g'')
| -0.29
|4
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Co
| {{chem|[[Cobalt|Co]]|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Co(''s'')
| -0.28
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| P
| {{chem|link=Phosphoric acid|H|3|PO|4}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|H|3|PO|3}}(''aq'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -0.276
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| N || N<sub>2</sub>(''g'') + 8{{H+|nolink=y}} + 6{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2NH{{su|b=4|p=+}} || -0.27 || 6 || class=noprint | <ref name=Lee />
|-
| V
| {{chem|link=Vanadium|V|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|V|2+}}
| -0.26
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| Ni
| {{chem|link=Nickel|Ni|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ni(''s'')
| -0.257
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| S || 2HSO{{su|b=4|p=&minus;}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || S<sub>2</sub>O{{su|b=6|p=2&minus;}} + 2{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || -0.253 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|790}}
|-
| As
| [[Arsenic|As]](''s'') + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Arsine|AsH|3}}(''g'')
| -0.23
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| N || N<sub>2</sub>(''g'') + 5{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}} || ⇌ || N<sub>2</sub>H{{su|b=5|p=+}} || -0.23 || 4 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Ga
| {{chem|link=Gallium|Ga|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Ga(''s'')
| -0.2
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Ag
| [[Silver iodide|AgI]](''s'') + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Ag(''s'') + {{Chem|I|-}}
| -0.15224
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Ge || GeO<sub>2</sub>(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}} || ⇌ || Ge(''s'') + 2H<sub>2</sub>O(''l'') || -0.15 || 4 || class="noprint" | <ref name=Lee />
|-
| Mo
| {{chem|link=Molybdenum dioxide|MoO|2}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Mo(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| -0.15
|4
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Si
| [[Silicon|Si]](''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|SiH|4}}(''g'')
| -0.14
|4
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Sn
| {{chem|Sn|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Sn(''s'')
| -0.13
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| O
| {{chem|link=Oxygen|O|2}}(''g'') + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|HO|2|•}}(''aq'')
| -0.13
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| In || {{chem2|In+}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || In(''s'') || -0.126 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|-
| Pb
| {{chem|link=Lead|Pb|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pb(''s'')
| -0.126
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| W
| {{chem|link=Tungsten(IV) oxide|WO|2}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Tungsten|W]](''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| -0.12
|4
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Ge
| {{chem|link=Germanium dioxide|GeO|2}}(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| GeO(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -0.118
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| P
| [[Phosphorus|P]](''red'') + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Phosphine|PH|3}}(''g'')
| -0.111
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| C
| {{chem|CO|2}}(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Formic acid|HCOOH]](''aq'')
| -0.11
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Se
| [[Selenium|Se]](''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|H|2|Se}}(''g'')
| -0.11
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|790}}
|-
| C
| {{chem|CO|2}}(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| CO(''g'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -0.11
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Sn || &alpha;-[[Tin(II) oxide|SnO]](''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || Sn(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}} || -0.104 || 2 || class="noprint" | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|-
|Cu
| {{Chem|Cu(NH|3|)|2|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
|Cu(''s'') + 2{{chem|NH|3}}(''aq'')
| -0.1
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="Bar" />
|-
| Nb || {{chem2|Nb2O5}}(''s'') + 10{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2{{chem|Nb|3+}} + 5{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || -0.1 || 4 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|793}}
|-
| W
| {{chem|link=Tungsten(VI) oxide|WO|3}}(''aq'') + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 6{{e-}}
|⇌
| W(''s'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| -0.09
|6
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Sn
| {{chem|link=Tin dioxide|SnO|2}}(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| &alpha;-SnO(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -0.088
|2
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|-
| Fe
| [[Magnetite|{{chem|Fe|3|O|4}}]](''s'') + 8{{H+|nolink=y}} + 8{{e-}}
|⇌
| 3Fe(''s'') + 4{{H2O-nl}}
| -0.085
|8
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Pou/>
|-
| V || {{chem|V|O|H|2+}} + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem|V|2+}} + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || -0.082 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|793}}
|-
| P
| [[Phosphorus|P]](''সাদা'') + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Phosphine|PH|3}}(''g'')
| -0.063
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| N || {{chem2|N2O}}(''g'') + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2{{chem2|NH3OH+}} || -0.05 || 4 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|789}}
|-
| Fe
| {{chem|Fe|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Fe(''s'')
| -0.04
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=webelements_fe/>
|-
| C
| [[Formic acid|HCOOH]](''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Formaldehyde|HCHO]](''aq'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| -0.034
|2
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|- style="background-color:#d0d0FF; font-weight: bold"
| H
| 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|H|2}}(''g'')
|  0
|2
| class="noprint" |
|-
| Ag
| [[Silver bromide|AgBr]](''s'') + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Ag(''s'') + {{Chem|Br|-}}
| 0.07133
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| S
| [[Tetrathionate|{{chem|S|4|O|6|2−}}]] + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2[[Thiosulfate|{{chem|S|2|O|3|2−}}]]
| 0.08
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| N
| {{chem|link=Nitrogen|N|2}}(''g'') + 2{{H2O-nl}} + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 6{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|link=Ammonium hydroxide|NH|4|OH}}(''aq'')
| 0.092
|6
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Hg
| [[Mercury(II) oxide|HgO]](''s'') + {{H2O-nl}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Hg(''l'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| 0.0977
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Cu
| {{chem|Cu(NH|3|)|4|2+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Cu(NH|3|)|2|+}} + 2{{chem|NH|3}}(''aq'')
| 0.1
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Ru
|[[Ruthenium|{{chem|Ru(NH|3|)|6|3+}}]] + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ru(NH|3|)|6|2+}}
| 0.1
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| N
| {{chem|link=Hydrazine|N|2|H|4}}(''aq'') + 4{{H2O-nl}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|NH|4|+}} + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| 0.11
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Gre/>
|-
| Mo
| {{chem|link=Molybdic acid|H|2|MoO|4}}(''aq'') + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 6{{e-}}
|⇌
| Mo(''s'') + 4{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.11
|6
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Ge
| {{chem|Ge|4+}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ge(''s'')
| 0.12
|4
|class="noprint"|
|-
| C
| [[Carbon|C]](''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Methane|CH|4}}(''g'')
| 0.13
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| C
| [[Formaldehyde|HCHO]](''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Methanol|CH|3|OH}}(''aq'')
| 0.13
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| S
| [[Sulfur|S]](''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|H|2|S}}(''g'')
| 0.144
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|790}}
|-
| Sb || Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(''s'') + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 6{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2Sb(''s'') + 3H<sub>2</sub>O || 0.15 || 6 || <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Sn
| {{chem|Sn|4+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Sn|2+}}
| 0.151
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| S
| {{chem|HSO|4|-}} + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|SO|2}}(''aq'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.158
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|790}}
|-
| Cu
| {{chem|link=Copper|Cu|2+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Cu|+}}
| 0.159
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| U
| {{chem|link=Uranyl|UO|2|2+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|UO|2|+}}
| 0.163
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| S
| {{chem|SO|4|2-}} + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|SO|2}}(''aq'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.17
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Ti
| {{chem|TiO|2+}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ti|3+}} + {{H2O-nl}}
| 0.19
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Sb
| {{chem|SbO|+}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Sb(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 0.2
|3
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Fe
| 3{{chem|link=Hematite|Fe|2|O|3}}(s) + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|link=Magnetite|Fe|3|O|4}}(s) + {{H2O-nl}}
| 0.22
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Pang2007/>{{rp|p.100}}
|-
| Ag
| [[Silver chloride|AgCl]](''s'') + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Ag(''s'') + {{chem|Cl|-}}
| 0.22233
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| As
| {{chem|link=Arsenic acid|H|3|AsO|3}}(''aq'') + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| As(''s'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.24
|3
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Ru
| {{chem|Ru|3+}}(''aq'') + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ru|2+}}(''aq'')
| 0.249
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Greenwood1077 />
|-
| Pb || {{chem2|PbO2}}(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || &alpha;-{{chem2|PbO}}(''s'') + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}} || 0.254 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|-
| Ge
| GeO(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Ge(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 0.26
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Hg || {{chem2|Hg2Cl2}}(''s'') + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2Hg(''l'') + 2{{chem2|Cl-}} || 0.27 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=Lee />
|-
| U
| {{chem|UO|2|+}} + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|U|4+}} + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.273
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| Re
| {{chem|link=Rhenium|Re|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Re(''s'')
| 0.300
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| At
| At + {{e-}}
|⇌
| At<sup>&minus;</sup>
|0.3
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:cite book|| last1=Lavrukhina | first1=Avgusta Konstantinovna | last2=Pozdni︠a︡kov | first2=Aleksandr Aleksandrovich | title=Analytical chemistry of technetium, promethium, astatine and francium | publisher=Ann Arbor-Humphrey Science Publishers | publication-place=Ann Arbor | date=1970 | isbn=0-250-39923-7 | oclc=186926 |page=237}}</ref>
|-
| Bi
| {{chem|Bi|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Bi(''s'')
| 0.308
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| C
| 2HCNO + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| (CN)<sub>2</sub> + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.330
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Cu
| {{chem|Cu|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Cu(''s'')
| 0.337
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| V
| {{chem|V|O|2+}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|V|3+}} + {{H2O-nl}}
| 0.337
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|793}}
|-
| Sb || {{chem2|Sb2O4}}(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|Sb2O3}}(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 0.342 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| At
| At<sup>+</sup> + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
|At<sup>−</sup>
| 0.36
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=":2">{{#invoke:cite journal|| last1=Champion | first1=J. | last2=Alliot | first2=C. | last3=Renault | first3=E. | last4=Mokili | first4=B. M. | last5=Chérel | first5=M. | last6=Galland | first6=N. | last7=Montavon | first7=G. | title=Astatine Standard Redox Potentials and Speciation in Acidic Medium | journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry A | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=114 | issue=1 | date=2009-12-16 | issn=1089-5639 | doi=10.1021/jp9077008 | pages=576–582| pmid=20014840 | s2cid=15738065 | url=http://hal.in2p3.fr/in2p3-00450771/file/JPCA_2010.pdf }}</ref>
|-
| Fe
| {{chem|[Fe(CN)|6|]|3-}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|[Fe(CN)|6|]|4-}}
|  0.3704
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal||last=Rock|first=Peter A.|date=February 1966|title=The Standard Oxidation Potential of the Ferrocyanide-Ferricyanide Electrode at 25° and the Entropy of Ferrocyanide Ion|journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry|volume=70|issue=2|pages=576–580|doi=10.1021/j100874a042|issn=0022-3654}}</ref>
|-
| C
| [[cyanogen|(CN)<sub>2</sub>]] + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2[[hydrocyanic acid|HCN]]
| 0.373
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| P || {{chem2|(H2PO3)2}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2{{chem2|H3PO3}} || 0.38 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| S || 2SO<sub>2</sub>(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || S<sub>2</sub>O{{su|b=3|p=2&minus;}} + H<sub>2</sub>O(''l'') || 0.4 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|790}}
|-
| O
| '''{{chem|O|2}}(''g'') + 2{{H2O-nl}} + 4{{e-}}'''
|⇌
| '''4{{OH-|nolink=y}}(''aq'')'''
| 0.401
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| Mo
| {{chem|H|2|MoO|4}} + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Mo|3+}} + 4{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.43
|3
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Ru
| {{chem|Ru|2+}}(''aq'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Ruthenium|Ru}}
| 0.455
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Greenwood1077>Greenwood and Earnshaw, p. 1077</ref>
|-
| V || {{chem2|VO(OH)+}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem|V|O|H|2+}} + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 0.481 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|793}}
|-
| C
| {{chem|link=Methanol|CH|3|OH}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Methane|CH|4}}(''g'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 0.5
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| S
| {{chem|SO|2}}(''aq'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| S(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.5
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|790}}
|-
| S || 4{{chem|SO|2}}(''aq'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 8{{e-}} || ⇌ || S<sub>4</sub>O{{su|b=6|p=2&minus;}} + 2{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 0.51 || 8 || class=noprint | <ref name=Lee />
|-
| Cu
| {{chem|Cu|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Cu(''s'')
| 0.52
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| C
| [[Carbon monoxide|CO]](''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| C(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 0.52
|2
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|-
| I
| {{chem|link=Triiodide|I|3|-}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 3{{chem|I|-}}
| 0.53
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| Te || {{chem2|TeO2}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}} || ⇌ || Te(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 0.53 || 4 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|790}}
|-
| Cu || {{chem|Cu|2+}} + {{chem2|Cl-}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|CuCl}}(''s'') || 0.54 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=Lee />
|-
| I
| {{chem|link=Iodine|I|2}}(''s'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|I|-}}
| 0.54
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| Au
| {{chem|[|AuI|4|]|-}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Au(''s'') + 4{{chem|I|-}}
| 0.56
|3
|class="noprint"|
|-
| As
| {{chem|link=Arsenic acid|H|3|AsO|4}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|H|3|AsO|3}}(''aq'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 0.56
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| S || S<sub>2</sub>O{{su|b=6|p=2&minus;}} + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2{{chem2|H2SO3}} || 0.569 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|790}}
|-
| Au
| {{Chem|[AuI|2|]|-}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Au(''s'') + 2{{Chem|I|-}}
| 0.58
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Mn
| {{chem|MnO|4|-}} + 2{{H2O-nl}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|MnO|2}}(''s'') + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}}
|  0.595
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| S
| {{chem|S|2|O|3|2-}} + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2S(''s'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.6
|4
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|790}}
|-
| Fe || {{chem|link=Ferrocene|Fc|+}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || Fc(''s'') || 0.63 || 1 || class="noprint" | Substantial literature variation<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal||first1=Vitaly&nbsp;V.|last1=Pavlishchuk|first2=Anthony&nbsp;W.|last2=Addison|periodical=Inorganica Chimica Acta|title=Conversion constants for redox potentials measured versus different reference electrodes in acetonitrile solutions at 25°C|volume=298|issue=1|pages=97–102|date=January 2000 |doi=10.1016/S0020-1693(99)00407-7}}</ref>
|-
| Mo
| {{chem|link=Molybdic acid|H|2|MoO|4}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|MoO|2}}(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.65
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| N || HN<sub>3</sub>(''aq'') + 11{{H+|nolink=y}} + 8{{e-}} || ⇌ || 3NH{{su|b=4|p=+}} || 0.69 || 8 || class=noprint | <ref name=Lee />
|-
| O
| {{chem|O|2}}(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Hydrogen Peroxide|H|2|O|2}}(''aq'')
| 0.695
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Sb || {{chem2|Sb2O5}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|Sb2O3}}(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}} || 0.699 || 4 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| C
| [[File:1,4-Benzochinon.svg|70px|link=p-Benzoquinone]] + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[File:Hydrochinon2.svg|110px|link=Hydroquinone]]
| 0.6992
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| V || H<sub>2</sub>V<sub>10</sub>O{{su|b=28|p=4&minus;}} + 24{{H+|nolink=y}} + 10{{e-}} || ⇌ || 10{{chem2|VO(OH)+}} + 8{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 0.723 || 10 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|793}}
|-
| Pt
| {{chem|PtCl|6|2-}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|PtCl|4|2-}} + 2{{chem|Cl|-}}
| 0.726
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| Fe
| {{chem|link=Hematite|Fe|2|O|3}}(s) + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|link=Ferrous|Fe|2+}} + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.728
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Pang2007/>{{rp|p.100}}
|-
| Se
| {{chem|link=Selenous acid|H|2|SeO|3}}(''aq'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| Se(''s'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.74
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| At
| AtO<sup>+</sup> + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
|At<sup>+</sup> + {{H2O-nl}}
| 0.74
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=":2"/>
|-
| Tl
| {{chem|Tl|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Tl(''s'')
| 0.741
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| No
| {{chem|No|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|No|2+}}
| 0.75
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal||last1=Toyoshima |first1=A. |last2=Kasamatsu |first2=Y. |first3=K. |last3=Tsukada |first4=M. |last4=Asai |first5=Y. |last5=Kitatsuji |first6=Y. |last6=Ishii |first7=H. |last7=Toume |first8=I. |last8=Nishinaka |first9=H. |last9=Haba |first10=K. |last10=Ooe |first11=W. |last11=Sato |first12=A. |last12=Shinohara |first13=K. |last13=Akiyama |first14=Y. |last14=Nagame |date=8 July 2009 |title=Oxidation of element 102, nobelium, with flow electrolytic column chromatography on an atom-at-a-time scale |journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society |volume=131 |issue=26 |pages=9180–1 |doi=10.1021/ja9030038 |pmid=19514720 |url=https://figshare.com/articles/Oxidation_of_Element_102_Nobelium_with_Flow_Electrolytic_Column_Chromatography_on_an_Atom_at_a_Time_Scale/2844817 }}</ref>
|-
| Pt
| {{chem|PtCl|4|2-}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pt(''s'') + 4{{Chem|Cl|-}}
| 0.758
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| Br || {{chem2|BrO-}} + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|Br-}} + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}} || 0.76 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|791}}
|-
|Po
|Po<sup>4+</sup> + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
|Po
|0.76
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| S
| [[thiocyanogen|(SCN)<sub>2</sub>]] + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2[[thiocyanate|SCN<sup>−</sup>]]
| 0.769
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal||journal=Archiv der Pharmazie und Berichte der Deutschen Pharmazeutischen Gesellschaft|volume=263|year=1925|via=[[HathiTrust]]|pages=675–721|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3706518|first=H.&nbsp;P.|last=Kaufmann|title=Das freie Rhodan und seine Anwendung in der Maßanalyse. Eine neue Kennzahl der Fette|issue=41–47 |doi=10.1002/ardp.19252634104 |lang=de|trans-title=Unbound rhodanium and its application to elemental analysis: A new measurement technique for fats}}</ref><ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Fe
| {{chem|Fe|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Fe|2+}}
| 0.771
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Hg
| {{chem|link=Mercury (element)|Hg|2|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2Hg(''l'')
| 0.7973
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Ag
| {{chem|link=Silver|Ag|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Ag(''s'')
| 0.7996
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| N
| 2[[Nitrate|{{chem|NO|3|-}}]](''aq'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Nitrogen dioxide|N|2|O|4}}(''g'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.803
|2
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Fe
| 2{{chem|link=Ferrate|FeO|4|2-}} + 5{{H2O-nl}} + 6{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Fe|2|O|3}}(''s'') + 10{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| 0.81
|6
|class="noprint"|<ref name=webelements_fe/>
|-
| Au
| {{chem|[AuBr|4|]|-}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Au(''s'') + 4{{chem|Br|-}}
| 0.85
|3
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Hg
| {{chem|Hg|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Hg(''l'')
| 0.85
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Ir
| {{chem|[IrCl|6|]|2-}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|[IrCl|6|]|3-}}
| 0.87
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5 />{{rp|153}}
|-
| Mn
| {{chem|MnO|4|-}} + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|HMnO|4|-}}
| 0.9
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
|Po
|Po<sup>4+</sup> + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
|Po<sup>2+</sup>
|0.9
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Hg
| 2{{chem|Hg|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Hg|2|2+}}
| 0.91
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Pd
| {{chem|link=Palladium|Pd|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pd(''s'')
| 0.915
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| Au
| {{chem|[AuCl|4|]|-}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Au(''s'') + 4{{chem|Cl|-}}
| 0.93
|3
|class="noprint"|
|-
| N || NO{{su|b=3|p=&minus;}} + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|HNO2}}(''aq'') || 0.94 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|789}}
|-
| Mn
| {{chem|MnO|2}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Mn|3+}} + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.95
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| N
| {{chem|link=Nitrate|NO|3|-}}(''aq'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Nitrogen monoxide|NO]](''g'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}(''l'')
|0.958
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name="Atk" />
|-
| Au
| {{Chem|[AuBr|2|]|-}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Au(''s'') + 2{{Chem|Br|-}}
| 0.96
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Fe
| [[Magnetite|{{chem|Fe|3|O|4}}]](s) + 8{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 3{{chem|link=Ferrous|Fe|2+}} + 4{{H2O-nl}}
| 0.98
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Pang2007/>{{rp|p.100}}
|-
| Xe
| {{chem|[HXeO|6|]|3-}} + 2{{H2O-nl}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|[HXeO|4|]|-}} + 4{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| 0.99
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}<ref name=webelements_xe>{{#invoke:cite web||title=compounds information |work=Xenon |publisher=WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements |url=http://www.webelements.com/xenon/compounds.html}}</ref>
|-
| N || {{chem2|HNO2}}(''aq'') + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || NO(''g'') + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 0.996 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|789}}
|-
| At
| HAtO + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| At + {{H2O-nl}}
|1.0
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=":0"/>
|-
| V
| {{chem|[VO|2|]|+}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Vanadyl ion|[VO]|2+}}(''aq'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 1
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name = "Cotton">{{Cotton&Wilkinson6th}}.</ref>
|-
| Te
| {{chem|link=Telluric acid|H|6|TeO|6}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|TeO|2}}(''s'') + 4{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.02
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name = "Cotton">{{Cotton&Wilkinson6th}}.</ref>
|-
| N || NO<sub>2</sub>(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || NO(''g'') + H<sub>2</sub>O(''l'') || 1.03 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=Lee />
|-
| Br || Br{{su|b=3|p=&minus;}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || 3{{chem|Br|-}} || 1.05 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=Lee />
|-
| Sb || {{chem2|Sb2O5}}(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|Sb2O4}}(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 1.055 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| I || ICl{{su|b=2|p=&minus;}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || 2{{chem|Cl|-}} + I(''s'') || 1.06 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=Lee />
|-
| Br
| {{chem|link=Bromine|Br|2}}(''l'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{Chem|Br|-}}
| 1.066
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| N || {{chem2|N2O4}}(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2{{chem2|HNO2}} || 1.07 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Br
| {{chem|link=Bromine|Br|2}}(''aq'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|Br|-}}
| 1.0873
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| Ru
| {{chem|RuO|2}} + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ru|2+}}(''aq'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.120
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Greenwood1077 />
|-
|Cu
| {{Chem|Cu|2+}} + 2{{Chem|CN|-}} + {{E-}}
|⇌
| {{Chem|Cu(CN)|2|-}}
| 1.12
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="Bar" />
|-
| I
| {{chem|IO|3|-}} + 5{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| HIO(''aq'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.13
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|791}}
|-
| O || {{chem2|H2O2}}(''aq'') + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') + {{chem2|HO•}} || 1.14 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5/>{{rp|790}}
|-
| Au
| {{Chem|[AuCl|2|]|-}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Au(''s'') + 2{{Chem|Cl|-}}
| 1.15
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Se
| {{chem|HSeO|4|−}} + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|H|2|SeO|3}}(''aq'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 1.15
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|790}}
|-
| Ag
| {{chem|link=Silver oxide|Ag|2|O}}(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2Ag(''s'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 1.17
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Cl
| {{chem|ClO|3|-}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Chlorine dioxide|ClO|2}}(''g'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 1.175
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|791}}
|-
| Xe
| {{chem|[HXeO|6|]|3-}} + 5{{H2O-nl}} + 8{{e-}}
|⇌
| Xe(''g'') + 11{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| 1.18
|8
|class="noprint"|<ref name=webelements_xe/>
|-
| Pt
| {{chem|link=Platinum|Pt|2+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Pt(''s'')
| 1.188
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| Cl
| {{chem|ClO|2}}(''g'') + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|HClO|2}}(''aq'')
| 1.19
|1
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AP />
|-
| I
| 2{{chem|IO|3|−}} + 12{{H+|nolink=y}} + 10{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Iodine|I|2}}(''s'') + 6{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.2
|10
|class="noprint"| <ref name=Lee />
|-
| Mn
| {{chem|link=Manganese dioxide|MnO|2}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Mn|2+}} + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.224
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| O
| '''{{chem|O|2}}(''g'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}'''
|⇌
| '''2{{H2O-nl}}'''
| 1.229
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| N || N<sub>2</sub>H{{su|b=5|p=+}} + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || 2NH{{su|b=4|p=+}} || 1.28 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Cl
| {{chem|ClO|4|−}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|ClO|3|−}} + {{H2O-nl}}
| 1.23
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=":1"/>
|-
| Ru
| {{chem|[Ru(bipy)|3|]|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride|[Ru(bipy)|3|]|2+}}
| 1.24
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="CRC" />
|-
| Xe
| {{chem|[HXeO|4|]|-}} + 3{{H2O-nl}} + 6{{e-}}
|⇌
| Xe(''g'') + 7{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| 1.24
|6
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}<ref name=webelements_xe/>
|-
| N || 2NO{{su|b=3|p=&minus;}} + 12{{H+|nolink=y}} + 10{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|N2}}(''g'') + 6{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 1.25 || 10 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Tl
| {{chem|Tl|3+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{Chem|Tl|+}}
| 1.25
|2
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|788}}
|-
| N || 2{{chem2|HNO2}}(''aq'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|N2O}}(''g'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 1.297 || 4 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Cr
| {{chem|Cr|2|O|7|2−}} + 14{{H+|nolink=y}} + 6{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|Cr|3+}} + 7{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.33
|6
|class="noprint"| <ref name=Gre/>{{rp|1005}}
|-
| N || {{chem2|NH3OH+}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || NH{{su|b=4|p=+}} + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 1.35 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Cl
| {{chem|link=Chlorine|Cl|2}}(''g'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{Chem|Cl|-}}
| 1.36
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Atk/>
|-
| Ru
| {{chem|RuO|4|-}}(''aq'') + 8{{H+|nolink=y}} + 5{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ru|2+}}(''aq'') + 4{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.368
|5
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Greenwood1077 />
|-
| Ru
| {{chem|link=Ruthenium tetroxide|RuO|4}} + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Ruthenium dioxide|RuO|2}} + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.387
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Greenwood1077 />
|-
| Co
| {{chem|CoO|2}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Co|3+}} + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.42
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| N
| 2[[Hydroxylamine|{{chem|NH|3|OH|+}}]] + {{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| [[Hydrazine|{{chem|N|2|H|5|+}}]] + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.42
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Gre/>
|-
| I
| 2[[Hypoiodous acid|HIO]](''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|I|2}}(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.44
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|791}}
|-
| Br
| {{chem|BrO|3|−}} + 5{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| HBrO(''aq'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.447
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5 />{{rp|791}}
|-
| Pb
| {{chem|link=Lead dioxide|β-PbO|2}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Pb|2+}} + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.46
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Pb
| {{chem|link=Lead dioxide|α-PbO|2}}(''s'') + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Pb|2+}} + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.468
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Br
| 2{{chem|BrO|3|−}} + 12{{H+|nolink=y}} + 10{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Br|2}}(''l'') + 6{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.48
|10
|class="noprint"|
|-
| At
| HAtO<sub>3</sub> + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| HAtO + 2{{H2O-nl}}
|1.5
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=":0"/>
|-
| Mn
| {{chem|MnO|4|-}} + 8{{H+|nolink=y}} + 5{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Mn|2+}} + 4{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.51
|5
|class="noprint"| <ref name=Lee />
|-
| O
| {{chem|HO|2|•}} + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Hydrogen peroxide|H|2|O|2}}(''aq'')
| 1.51
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Au
| {{chem|Au|3+}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| Au(''s'')
| 1.52
|3
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Ru
| {{chem|RuO|4|2-}}(''aq'') + 8{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ru|2+}}(''aq'') + 4{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.563
|4
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Greenwood1077 />
|-
| N || 2NO(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|N2O}}(''g'') + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 1.59 || 2 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| Ni
| {{chem|NiO|2}}(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ni|2+}} + 2{{OH-|nolink=y}}
| 1.59
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Ce
| {{chem|Ce|4+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ce|3+}}
| 1.61
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Cl
| 2HClO(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Cl|2}}(''g'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.63
|2
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AP />
|-
| I
| {{chem|IO|4|−}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|IO|3|−}} + {{H2O-nl}}
| 1.64
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=":1"/>
|-
| Ag
| {{chem|Ag|2|O|3}}(''s'') + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 4{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{chem|Ag|+}} + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.67
|4
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Cl
| {{chem|link=Chlorous acid|HClO|2}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| HClO(''aq'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 1.67
|2
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AP />
|-
| Pb
| {{chem|Pb|4+}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Pb|2+}}
| 1.69
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Mn
| [[permanganate|{{chem|MnO|4|−}}]] + 4{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|link=Manganese(IV) oxide|MnO|2}}(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.7
|3
|class="noprint"| <ref name=Lee />
|-
| Br
| {{chem|BrO|4|−}} + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|BrO|3|−}} + {{H2O-nl}}
| 1.74
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=":1">{{#invoke:cite journal|| last=Appelman | first=Evan H. | title=Nonexistent compounds. Two case histories | journal=Accounts of Chemical Research | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=6 | issue=4 | date=1973-04-01 | issn=0001-4842 | doi=10.1021/ar50064a001 | pages=113–117}}</ref>
|-
| Ag
| AgO(''s'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ag|+}} + {{H2O-nl}}
| 1.77
|1
|class="noprint"|
|-
| N || {{chem2|N2O}}(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}} || ⇌ || {{chem2|N2}}(''g'') + {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 1.77 || 2 || <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|789}}
|-
| O
| [[Hydrogen peroxide|{{chem|H|2|O|2}}]](''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 1.78
|2
|class="noprint"| <ref name=AP />
|-
| Au
| {{chem|Au|+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| Au(''s'')
| 1.83
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| Co
| {{chem|Co|3+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Co|2+}}
| 1.92
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name="van??"/>
|-
| Ag
| {{chem|Ag|2+}} + {{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Ag|+}}
| 1.98
|1
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar/>
|-
| O
| {{chem|link=Peroxodisulfate|S|2|O|8|2-}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2[[sulfate|{{chem|SO|4|2-}}]]
| 2.01
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=van/>
|-
| O
| {{chem|link=Ozone|O|3}}(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|O|2}}(''g'') + {{H2O-nl}}
| 2.075
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=Bar2/>
|-
| Mn
| {{chem|HMnO|4|−}} + 3{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|MnO|2}}(''s'') + 2{{H2O-nl}}
| 2.09
|2
|class="noprint"|
|-
| Xe
| {{chem|XeO|3}}(''aq'') + 6{{H+|nolink=y}} + 6{{e-}}
|⇌
| Xe(''g'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| 2.12
|6
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}<ref name=webelements_xe/>
|-
| Xe
| {{chem|H|4|XeO|6}}(''aq'') + 8{{H+|nolink=y}} + 8{{e-}}
|⇌
| Xe(''g'') + 6{{H2O-nl}}
| 2.18
|8
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}<ref name=webelements_xe/>
|-
| Fe
| [[Ferrate|{{chem|FeO|4|2−}}]] + 8{{H+|nolink=y}} + 3{{E-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|Fe|3+}} + 4{{H2O-nl}}
| 2.2
|3
|class="noprint"|<ref name=wou>{{#invoke:cite web||first=Arlene |last=Courtney  |title=Oxidation Reduction Chemistry of the Elements |work=Ch 412 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: Reading Materials |publisher=Western Oregon University |url=https://people.wou.edu/~courtna/ch412/redox.htm}}</ref>
|-
| Xe
| {{chem|XeF|2}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Xe(''g'') + 2HF(''aq'')
| 2.32
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=webelements_xe/><ref name=AP />
|-
| O || {{chem2|HO•}} + {{H+|nolink=y}} + {{e-}} || ⇌ || {{H2O-nl}}(''l'') || 2.38 || 1 || class=noprint | <ref name=AS5 />{{rp|790}}
|-
| Xe
| {{chem|H|4|XeO|6}}(''aq'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| {{chem|XeO|3}}(''aq'') + 3{{H2O-nl}}
| 2.42
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=webelements_xe/><ref name=AS5/>{{rp|792}}
|-
| F
| {{chem|link=Fluorine|F|2}}(''g'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2{{Chem|F|-}}
| 2.87
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name=AS5 />{{rp|153}}<ref name=Atk/><ref name=Bar/>
|-
|Cm
|Cm<sup>4+</sup> + ''e<sup>–</sup>''
|⇌
|Cm<sup>3+</sup>
|3.0
|1
|class="noprint"|Estimated<ref name=VanSrc/>
|-
| F
| {{chem|link=Fluorine|F|2}}(''g'') + 2{{H+|nolink=y}} + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| 2HF(''aq'')
| 3.077
|2
|class="noprint"|<ref name="VanSrc" />
|-
|Tb
|Tb<sup>4+</sup> + ''e<sup>–</sup>''
|⇌
|Tb<sup>3+</sup>
|3.1
|1
|class="noprint"|Estimated<ref name="VanSrc" />
|-
|Pr
|Pr<sup>4+</sup> + ''e<sup>–</sup>''
|⇌
|Pr<sup>3+</sup>
|3.2
|1
|class="noprint"|Estimated<ref name="VanSrc" />
|-
| Kr
| {{chem|link=Krypton difluoride|KrF|2}}(''aq'') + 2{{e-}}
|⇌
| Kr(''g'') + 2{{Chem|F|-}}(''aq'')
| 3.27
|2
|class="noprint"| Estimated<ref>{{#invoke:cite journal||first1=P.J. |last1=Leszczyński |first2=W. |last2=Grochala |title=Strong Cationic Oxidizers: Thermal Decomposition, Electronic Structure and Magnetism of Their Compounds |journal=Acta Chim. Slov. |volume=60 |issue=3 |pages=455–470 |year=2013 |pmid=24169699 |url=http://acta-arhiv.chem-soc.si/60/60-3-455.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://acta-arhiv.chem-soc.si/60/60-3-455.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}
</ref>
|}

== মন্তব্য ==
<div class="reflist">
<references group="note" responsive="1">
<ref name="rwP" group="note">Not specified in the indicated reference, but assumed due to the difference between the value −0.454 and that computed by (2×(−0.499) + (−0.508))/3 = −0.502, exactly matching the difference between the values for white (−0.063) and red (−0.111) phosphorus in equilibrium with PH<sub>3</sub>.</ref>
</references>
</div>

== তথ্যসূত্র ==
<references>
<ref name="Bar">{{#invoke:cite book||first1=Allen J.|last1=Bard|first2=Roger|last2=Parsons|first3=Joseph|last3=Jordan|title=Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fuJV1H18KtEC|date=1985|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-8247-7291-8}}</ref>
<ref name="van">{{#invoke:cite book||last=Vanýsek|first=Petr|year=2012|editor-last=Haynes|editor-first=William M.|chapter=Electrochemical Series|pages=5–80|title=Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|edition=93rd|publisher=CRC Press|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-BzP7Rkl7WkC&pg=SA5-PA80|isbn=9781439880494}}</ref>
<ref name="van92">{{#invoke:cite book||last=Vanýsek|first=Petr|chapter=Electrochemical Series|editor-first=William M.|editor-last=Haynes|title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYPRBQAAQBAJ&pg=SA5-PA80|date=2011|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4398-5512-6|pages=5–80–9|edition=92nd}}</ref>
<ref name="van??">{{#invoke:cite web||author=Petr Vanysek|title=Electrochemical series|website=depa.fquim.unam.mx|url=http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/TablasdepotencialesREDOX_26700.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916165426/http://depa.fquim.unam.mx/amyd/archivero/TablasdepotencialesREDOX_26700.pdf|archive-date=2021-09-16|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="VanSrc">{{#invoke:cite journal||last=Bratsch|first=Stephen&nbsp;G.|date=July 29, 1988|orig-date=1 March 1988|title=Standard electrode potentials and temperature coefficients in water at 298.15&nbsp;K|url=https://srd.nist.gov/jpcrdreprint/1.555839.pdf|journal=Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data|publisher=American Institute of Physics|publication-date=1989|volume=18|issue=1|pages=1–21|doi=10.1063/1.555839|via=NIST}}</ref>
<ref name="Gre">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref>
<ref name="Bar2">{{#invoke:cite book||last1=Bard|first1=A.J.|last2=Faulkner|first2=L.R.|title=Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications|publisher=Wiley|year=2001|isbn=9781118312803|edition=2nd}}</ref>
<ref name="Pou">{{#invoke:cite book||first=Marcel|last=Pourbaix|year=1966|title=Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions|publisher=NACE International|location=Houston, Texas; Cebelcor, Brussels|oclc=475102548}}</ref>
<ref name="Atk">{{#invoke:cite book||first=Peter W.|last=Atkins|title=Physical Chemistry|publisher=W.H. Freeman|year=1997|isbn=9780716734659|edition=6th}}</ref>
<ref name="AS5">{{#invoke:cite book||last1=Atkins|first1=Peter|last2=Overton|first2=Tina|last3=Rourke|first3=Jonathan|last4=Weller|first4=Mark|last5=Armstrong|first5=Fraser|last6=Hagerman|first6=Michael|title=Inorganic Chemistry|edition=5th|year=2010|publisher=W. H. Freeman|location=New York|isbn=978-1-42-921820-7}}</ref>
<ref name="si">{{#invoke:cite book||first1=Gordon|last1=Aylward|first2=Tristan|last2=Findlay|title=SI Chemical Data|publisher=Wiley|year=2008|isbn=978-0-470-81638-7|edition=6th}}</ref>
<ref name="Pang2007">{{#invoke:cite journal||last1=Pang|first1=Suh Cem|last2=Chin|first2=Suk Fun|last3=Anderson|first3=Marc A.|date=July 2007|title=Redox equilibria of iron oxides in aqueous-based magnetite dispersions: Effect of pH and redox potential|url=https://www.academia.edu/9254087|journal=J. Colloid Interface Sci.|volume=311|issue=1|pages=94–101|doi=10.1016/j.jcis.2007.02.058|pmid=17395194|access-date=2017-03-26|bibcode=2007JCIS..311...94P}}</ref>
<ref name="Lee">{{#invoke:cite book||title=A New Concise Inorganic Chemistry|edition=3rd|first=J.&nbsp;L.|last=Lee|publisher=English Language Book Society & Van Nostrand Reinhold (UK)|location=London / Wokingham, Berkshire|orig-date=1977|year=1983|isbn=0-442-30179-0|page=107|ol=4079768W|via=the [[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>
<ref name="AP">{{#invoke:cite book||title=Arrow Pushing in Inorganic Chemistry: A logical approach to the chemistry of the main-group elements|first1=Abhik|last1=Ghosh|first2=Steffen|last2=Berg|publisher=Wiley|year=2014|location=Hoboken|isbn=978-1-118-17398-5|page=12}}</ref>
</references>

== বহিঃসংযোগ ==

*  কেমিস্ট্রি লিবরেটেক্সট। "[https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Reference/Reference_Tables/Electrochemistry_Tables/P1%3A_Standard_Reduction_Potentials_by_Element পি১: আদর্শ জারণ বিভব]"
* http://www.jesuitnola.org/upload/clark/Refs/red_pot.htm {{ওয়েব আর্কাইভ|ইউআরএল=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720062116/http://www.jesuitnola.org/upload/clark/Refs/red_pot.htm|তারিখ=2008-07-20}}
* https://web.archive.org/web/20150924015049/http://www.fptl.ru/biblioteka/spravo4niki/handbook-of-Chemistry-and-Physics.pdf
* http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/tables/electpot.html#c1
[[বিষয়শ্রেণী:রসায়ন-সংক্রান্ত তালিকা]]
[[বিষয়শ্রেণী:তড়িৎ রসায়ন]]